Definition: Present Simple Tense is used to express an action that is a habitual or repeated action and general truth.
Form of Present Simple
Affirmative: Subj + V1 (present) + …
Interrogative: (Do/Does) + subj + V (bare infinitive) + …?
Negative: Subj + (do/does) + not + V (bare infinitive) + …
| Personal Pronoun |
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| I (singular) | You (singular) | He/She/It (singular) |
| We (plural) | You (plural) | They (plural) |
| Relatives of Personal Pronoun |
| Subject Pron | Object Pron | Possessive Adj | Possessive Pron | Reflexive Pron |
| I | me | my | mine | myself |
| We | us | our | ours | ourselves |
| You | you | your | yours | yourself/yourselves |
| They | them | their | theirs | themselves |
| He | him | his | his | himself |
| She | her | her | hers | herself |
| It | it | its | its | itself |
Note1: The ordinary verb that is used with 3rd person singular (He/She/It) is added "s".
- She sometimes eats dinner.
- My brother always sends me money every month.
Note2: The verb that ends in "y" is changed "y" to "ies" when we use with 3rd person singular. It means (one consonant + y).
- He never studies more at home.
- Jenny cries every time her mother goes out without her.
Note3: The verb that ends in "y" is not changed "y" to "ies" when we used with 3rd person singular but we only add "s". It means (one vowel + y).
- Robin usually stays at home with his family at the weekend.
- My girlfriend seldom plays tennis.
Note4: The verb that ends in (ss, ch, sh, x, o) is added "es" when we use with 3rd person singular.
- He misses his daughter so much.
- The lecturer of economy teaches the subject very well.
Note5: To form interrogative sentence, we use the auxiliary verb "does" with 3rd person singular and "do" with 1st, 2nd, 3rd person plural.
- Do you speak English?
- Does your father make a lot of money?
Note6: To form negative sentence, we use the auxiliary verb (does + not or doesn’t) with 3rd person singular and (do + not or don’t) with 1st, 2nd, 3rd person plural.
- We don't know what happened here yesterday.
- He doesn't look up to his principle.
Important Note*
| Tense: | Present | + | Simple |
| Form: | V1 |
| Basic Structure and Short Answer |
| Affirmative | Interrogative | Negative | Affirmative | Negative | |
| I learn | Do I learn? | I do not learn | Yes, I do | No, I don't | |
| We learn | Do we learn? | We do not learn | Yes, we do | No, we don't | |
| You learn | Do you learn? | You do not learn | Yes, you do | No, you don't | |
| They learn | Do they learn? | They do not learn | Yes, they do | No, they don't | |
| He learns | Does he learn? | He does not learn | Yes, he does | No, he doesn't | |
| She learns | Does she learn? | She does not learn | Yes, she does | No, she doesn't | |
| It learns | Does it learn? | It does not learn | Yes, it does | No, it doesn't |
Auxiliary Verbs
* “be”, (is/am/are), is used as main verb in Present Simple.
Affirmative: (I am..., We/You/They are..., He/She/It is...)
Interrogative: (Am I..., Are we/you/they..., Is he/she/it...)?
Negative: (I’m not..., We/You/They aren’t..., He/She/It isn’t...)
* “have”, (have/has), is used as main verb in Present Simple.
Affirmative: (I/We/You/They have..., He/She/It has...)
Interrogative: (Do I/we/you/they have..., Does he/she/it have...)?
Negative: (I/We/You/They don’t have..., He/She/It doesn’t have)
WH Questions
* “WH Questions”, (What/When/Where/Why/Who/How…), is used to ask for information.
What: is used to ask for Thing. Ex: What are in the box on the table?
When: is used to ask for Time. Ex: When is your birthday?
Where: is used to ask for Place. Ex: Where does your brother live?
Why: is used to ask for Reason. Ex: Why do we use present simple?
Who: is used to ask for Person. Ex: Who do you think it was?
How: is used to ask for Manner. Ex: How does it work?
Expressions
* Adverbs of Frequency are placed before the main verb.
(always, usually, sometimes, often, rarely, never, seldom…)
- We sometimes watch TV after school.
- Sam often leaves his apartment without locking the door.
* Time Expressions are placed at the beginning or the end of the sentence.
(every day / week / Friday…, on Mondays / Sundays…, at the weekend…, in the morning / afternoon…, in winter / spring…, once a day / week…)
- Samantha goes to music class on Sundays.
- In every winter we build many snowmen in front of the house.
10 Irregular Verbs
Infinitive (to/bare)V | Present Simple V1 | Past Simple V2 | Past Participle V3 | Present Participle V-ing |
| (to)be | is/am/are | was/were | been | being |
| (to)become | become(s) | became | become | becoming |
| (to)begin | begin(s) | began | begun | beginning |
| (to)break | break(s) | broke | broken | breaking |
| (to)bring | bring(s) | brought | brought | bringing |
| (to)build | build(s) | built | built | building |
| (to)buy | buy(s) | bought | bought | buying |
| (to)catch | catch(es) | caught | caught | catching |
| (to)choose | choose(es) | chose | chosen | choosing |
| (to)come | come(s) | came | come | coming |
Active Voice and Passive Voice
* Active Voice refers to the subject which is the doer of the action.
* Passive Voice refers to the subject which is the receiver of the action.
| Present Simple Active Voice | Present Simple Passive Voice |
| + | Subj + V1 (present) + obj | ➣ | Subj + (is/am/are) + V3 |
| ? | (Do/Does) + Subj + V (bare) + obj? | ➣ | (Is/Am/Are) + Subj + V3 |
| - | Subj + (do/does) + not + V (bare) + obj | ➣ | Subj + (is/am/are) + not + V3 |
1. A: He always drives his new Ferrari to work.
P: His new Ferrari is always driven to work by him.
2. A: I usually drink a glass of milk every night.
P: A glass of milk is usually drunk by me every night.
3. A: Every season, we harvest at least 30 tons of production.
P: Every season, at least 30 tons of production are harvested by us.
4. A: His dad spends much money on alcohol every day.
P: Much money is spent on alcohol by his dad every day.
5. A: On Sundays, they deliver new mails from the city to people in this village.
P: On Sundays, new mails from the city are delivered to people in this village by them.
Important Note*
| Tense: | Present Simple Active | ⬌ | Present Simple Passive |
| Form: | V1+ obj | "is/am/are"+ V3 |
The passive voice is used when the receiver of the action is more important to be stressed or focused on.
Learner can find more practice exercises in Test Yourself Online section.
Learner's Materials
Video Lesson
* Session 1:
* Session 2:
* Session 3:
Test Yourself Online
Learner can find answers to these Test Yourself onlines in Answer Key worksheet below.
Worksheet
* Present Simple
* Verb Follows Subject
* Active Voice and Passive Voice
* Modal Active Voice and Passive Voice
* Answer Key
Support Our Work
You can help us as well this community to advance for your younger Learners in the future. Buy us some coffee!
0 Comments